Abstract
The practical implementation of new highly efficient methods of liquid–liquid chromatography requires preliminary mathematical modeling for the conditions of the separation process being developed, including its equipment design. In this work, two approaches to the mathematical description of the processes of liquid–liquid chromatography are theoretically analyzed, one of which is based on solving the material-balance equations of a model of a cascade of equilibrium steps, and the other of which uses the Gaussian distribution to describe the outlet concentration profiles of the components of the mixture being separated. It is shown that, if the number of equilibrium steps (characterizing the efficiency of the chromatographic system) is N ≥ 50, then the separation processes can be mathematically modeled using the simpler dependences obtained from the Gaussian distribution. For the conditions when the efficiency of the chromatographic system is N < 50, dependences are obtained using the model of equilibrium steps for mathematical modeling of the processes of separation by various methods of liquid–liquid chromatography.