A clinical study of the association of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea in elderly patients



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Abstract

ВACKGROUND: The relevance of the topic is due to the high comorbidity of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea in the elderly, which increases the risk of cardiovascular complications and leads to the formation of a “vicious circle”.

АIMS: The aim of the study was to study the relationship between the components of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea of moderate severity in elderly patients.

METHODS: The study included 132 elderly patients (67.1±2.9 years). Depending on the presence of abdominal obesity (AO) and OSA, the following groups were formed: group 1 — AO-/OSA- (32 people), group 2 — AO-/OSA+ (30 people), group 3 — AO+/OSA- (34 people), group 4 — AO+/OSA+ (36 people).

RESULTS: The most pronounced deterioration of the metabolic profile was found in elderly patients with AO and OSA comorbidity – an increase in insulin resistance (according to HOMA–IR), a deterioration in the integral metabolic status (marked increase in TyG), and an increased atherogenic dyslipidemic profile (increased TG/HDL-C). The highest blood pressure values and the maximum prevalence of circadian rhythm disorders were found in AO+/OSA+ patients, which indicates a more severe course of hypertension in patients of this group compared with others. Correlation analysis confirmed the high diagnostic effectiveness of the TyG index as a marker of metabolic disorders in elderly patients (p=0.847, p <0.001).

CONCLUSION: The presented data allow us to conclude that patients with abdominal obesity and obstructive sleep apnea of moderate severity had the highest risk of metabolic disorders and severe hypertension. The TyG index has a high confirmatory ability to diagnose metabolic disorders in elderly patients.

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About the authors

Elena V. Gosteva

Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko, Voronezh

Email: yanavrn@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8771-2558
SPIN-code: 6512-3585

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Voronezh, Russia

Irina V. Kochetkova

Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko, Voronezh

Author for correspondence.
Email: iri4217@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8545-6255
SPIN-code: 9933-5015

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Voronezh, Russia

Natalia A. Brezhneva

Voronezh City Clinical Polyclinic No. 2, Voronezh

Email: Natalia.brezhneva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-0491-0127
Russian Federation, Voronezh, Russia

Mikhail А. Kuptsov

Voronezh City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care No. 1, Voronezh

Email: kuptsov-mikhail@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-5156-4089
Russian Federation, Voronezh, Russia

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СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
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