Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and RehabilitationMedical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation1560-95372412-2092Eco-Vector10860910.17816/MSER108609Research ArticleCervical cancer in a comparative aspect of its incidence and mortality in the female population in the Republic of Chechnya, North Caucasian Federal District, and RussiaIdrisovaLilya S.<p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p>rkcozmir_ak@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5931-0175SuleymanovElkhan A.docsuleymanov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5140-0245PuzinSergey N.<p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p>s.puzin2012@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1030-8319ShurgayaMarina A.<p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p>daremar@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3856-893XRepublican Clinical Center for Maternal and Child Health named after Aimani KadyrovaFederal Scientific and Clinical Center of Resuscitation and RehabilitationRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education2410202225165720706202215062022Copyright © 2022, Idrisova L.S., Suleymanov E.A., Puzin S.N., Arsenievna А.A.2022<p><em><strong>BACKGROUND</strong>: </em>Investigating women with malignant neoplasms is a primary task, taking into account the damage to the reproductive system.</p>
<p><em><strong>AIM</strong>: </em>The study aimed to analyze the incidence of cervical cancer and mortality in the female population of the Republic of Chechnya in a comparative aspect with the indicators for the North Caucasian Federal District, which includes the republic, and Russia as a whole.</p>
<p><em><strong>MATERIAL AND METHODS</strong>: </em>The study analyzed data of the State Statistical Reporting 7 (sobes) Information on malignant neoplasms for 2020 (Tables 2000 and 2010, approved by Rosstat of Russia) and data on oncology of the Moscow Research Oncological Institute named after P.A. Herzen.</p>
<p><em><strong>RESULTS</strong>: </em>The rate of in situ detection in the Republic (30.1 per 100 cases detected) exceeds the indicator for the North Caucasian Federal District (15.0 per 100 cases detected) and differs slightly from the indicator in the country (30.8 per 100 cases detected). A possible explanation for the increase in the incidence of cervical cancer in 20102019 is the increase in the prevalence of human papillomavirus infection and the use of modern highly sensitive technologies for screening and early diagnosis. In 2020, the incidence of cervical cancer in the female population decreased. The dynamics of the incidence rates in the female population with cervical cancer in the Republic of Chechnya corresponds to the indicators in the North Caucasian Federal District and Russia. Owing to the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 among the population in 2020, the oncological services in Russia worked under challenging conditions. Clinical examinations for certain groups of the adult population were suspended, cancer screening opportunities were significantly limited, and the burden on the oncological care system was increased in general, which led to a decrease in the detection rates and affected the registration of cancer incidence rates.</p>
<p><em><strong>CONCLUSION</strong>:</em> Generally, the North Caucasian Federal District, which includes the Republic of Chechnya, had the lowest mortality rates in comparison with other federal districts of the country. Compared with Russia, the Republic of Chechnya is among the territories with significantly lower mortality rates from cervical cancer.</p>cervical cancermorbiditymortalityindicatorRepublic of Chechnyaрак шейки маткизаболеваемостьсмертностьпоказательРеспублика Чечня[Zaridze DG, Kaprin AD, Stilidi IS. Dynamics of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms in Russia. Problems Oncology. 2018;64(5):578–591. (In Russ).][Malignant neoplasms in Russia in 2020 (morbidity and mortality). Ed. by A.D. Kaprin, V.V. Starinsky, A.O. Shakhzadova. Moscow: P.A. Herzen Moscow State Research Institute; 2021. 252 p. (In Russ).][WHO Latest global cancer data. Press release N 292. 2020, 15 December. Available from: https://www.iarc.who.int/search/Latest%20global%20cancer%20data. Accessed: 01.11.2021.][Puzin SN, Shurgaya MA, Achkasov EE, et al. Medico-social aspects of repeated disability of the adult population due to malignant neoplasms in the Russian Federation. Problems of Social Hygiene, Health Care and the History of Medicine. 2019;27(1):18–22. (In Russ).][Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209–249. doi: 10.3322/caac.21660][Mustafin RN, Khusnutdinova EK. The relationship of epigenetic factors in the mechanisms of aging and malignancy. Successes Physiolog Scien. 2017;48(2):72–99. (In Russ).][Zaridze DG, Maksimovich DM. Prevention of malignant neoplasms. Adv Mol Oncol. 2017;4(2):8–25. (In Russ).][Shurgaya MA. Regional trends in primary disability of citizens of retirement age in the Russian Federation. Medico-Social Expertise and Rehabilitation. 2016;(1):28–32. (In Russ).][WHO cancer mortality database (IARC). 2016. Available from: http://www.dep.iarc.fr/WHOdb/WHOdb.htm. Accessed: 01.11.2021.][Vaccarella S, Franceschi S, Zaridze D, et al. Preventable fractions of cervical cancer via effective screening in six Baltic, central, and eastern European countries 2017-40: a population-based study. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17(10):1445–1452. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30275-3][Nunez C, Bauman A, Egger S, et al. Obesity, physical activity and cancer risks: results from the Cancer, Life-style and Evaluation of Risk Study (CLEAR). Canc Epid. 2017;47:56–63. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2017.01.002][Beavis AL, Smith AJ, Fader AN. Lifestyle changes and the risk of developing endometrial and ovarian cancers: opportunities for prevention and management. Int J Women’s Health. 2016;140:151–67. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S88367][Borch KB, Weiderpass E. Braaten T, et al. Physical activity and risk of endometrial cancer in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study. Int J Cancer. 2017;140(8):1809 –1818. doi: 10.1002/ijc.30610][Roden RB, Stern PL. Opportunities and challenges for human papillomavirus vaccination in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2018;18(4):240–254. doi: 10.1038/nrc.2018.13]