Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and RehabilitationMedical and Social Expert Evaluation and RehabilitationМедико-социальная экспертиза и реабилитация1560-95372412-2092Eco-Vector64653210.17816/MSER646532ReviewsНаучные обзорыReview ArticleThe role of rehabilitation aimed at improving bone function in cancer patients with bone tissue damageРоль реабилитации, направленной на улучшение функции костей у онкологических больных с поражением костной ткани: описательный обзор литературыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0567-75158701-3486IslamgulovAlmaz Kh.ИсламгуловАлмаз Ханифович
Russian Federation

assistant of the department of microbiology, virology

ассистент кафедры микробиологии, вирусологии

aslmaz2000@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-1577-2430PervakovMark V.ПерваковМарк Витальевич
Russian Federation

student

студент

mark_p@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7644-5271FominovaOlga O.ФоминоваОльга Олеговна
Russian Federation

student

студент

olya_bubu_00@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-2249-4180RyabchinskayaEkaterina S.РябчинскаяЕкатерина Сергеевна
Russian Federation

student

студент

Progesteroni@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-4360-0654TaimaskhanovaDzhavgarat M.ТаймасхановаДжавгарат Магомедалиевна
Russian Federation

student

студент

djavgarat221101@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-2790-5639KovalevaAndreina A.КовалёваАндреина Андрониковна
Russian Federation

student

студент

andreina.kovaleva.03@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-1288-9239ErusenkoAnastasia A.ЕрусенкоАнастасия Андреевна
Russian Federation

student

студент

erusenkon18@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-1856-8715GelinaAnastasia S.ГелинаАнастасия Сергеевна
Russian Federation

student

студент

nastyagelina17021610@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-0425-5655KhachaturyanSvetlana A.ХачатурянСветлана Артуровна
Russian Federation

student

студент

khachaturyansv@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-5352-236XShiyanPolina A.ШиянПолина Андреевна
Russian Federation

student

студент

Shiyan_polina17@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-7250-8228ZamaykhanovAbdul Kh.ЗамайхановАбдул Хабибулаевич
Russian Federation

student

студент

zamayhanov_1@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-6915-0790KirkhlyarovaKarema A.КирхляроваКарема Абдулбасировна
Russian Federation

student

студент

karema.kirhlyarova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-3156-8271SaidovAkbar A.СаидовАкбар Абдурахмонович
Russian Federation

student

студент

akbarsaidov2002@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-0605-4770KomyshevaTatyana V.КомышеваТатьяна Владимировна
Russian Federation

student

студент

komyshevatv2020@gmail.comBashkir State Medical UniversityБашкирский государственный медицинский университетMechnikov Northwestern State Medical UniversityСеверо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. МечниковаBurdenko Voronezh State Medical UniversityВоронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. БурденкоRostov State Medical UniversityРостовский государственный медицинский университетRazumovsky Saratov State Medical UniversityСаратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. РазумовскогоVernadsky Crimean Federal UniversityКрымский федеральный университет им. В.И. ВернадскогоRussian University of MedicineРоссийский университет медицины09042025150820242731631762301202506022025Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор2024Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://rjmseer.com/1560-9537/article/view/646532

According to WHO data for 2016, cancer-related mortality occupies a leading place in the world. Oncological diseases often lead to damage and changes in the bone system, reducing the quality of life and exposing patients to an increased risk of developing bone-related complications. Bone metastasis is a common complication in solid tumors, most common in cases of prostate cancer (85%), breast (70%), lung (40%), and kidney (40%). The purpose of the review is to summarize current literature data on the role of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment methods in improving bone function in patients with metastatic bone damage, as well as to identify knowledge gaps that require further research. Bone metastases are a serious problem in the treatment of cancer, often causing severe pain. Bone metastases can significantly disrupt the structural integrity of bones, leading to a number of consequences. Rehabilitation programs involving physical exercises have demonstrated high effectiveness in patients with bone metastases. These programs not only contribute to the preservation and improvement of bone health, but also improve the quality of life of patients. Quitting smoking and reducing alcohol consumption are essential components of health management, especially for patients at risk of developing osteoporosis and fractures. Patients should receive sufficient amounts of these nutrients to maintain normal levels of ionized calcium. This review indicates the positive effect of physical exercise, the use of calcium and vitamin D, smoking cessation and alcohol consumption on the physical activity of patients. Based on the data available to date, it has been proven that proper exercise prescribed by specialists in compliance with safety measures does not have negative consequences for patients with cancer and bone metastases, osteoporosis/osteopenia, or those at risk of bone loss.

По данным ВОЗ, за 2016 год смертность, связанная с онкологической патологией, занимает лидирующее место в мире. Онкологические заболевания зачастую приводят к повреждениям и изменениям костной системы, снижая качество жизни и подвергая пациентов повышенному риску развития осложнений, связанных с костями. Метастазирование в костную ткань — распространённое осложнение при солидных опухолях, наиболее часто встречающееся при злокачественных новообразованиях простаты (85%), молочной железы (70%), лёгких (40%) и почек (40%). Цель обзора — обобщить современные литературные данные о роли нефармакологических и фармакологических методов лечения в улучшении функции костей у пациентов с метастатическим поражением костной ткани, а также выявить пробелы в знаниях, требующие проведения дальнейших исследований. Метастазы в костях представляют собой серьёзную проблему в лечении онкологических заболеваний, зачастую вызывая выраженную боль. Костные метастазы могут значительно нарушить структурную целостность костей, приводя к целому ряду последствий. Реабилитационные программы, включающие выполнение физических упражнений, продемонстрировали высокую эффективность у лиц с костными метастазами. Данные программы не только способствуют сохранению и улучшению здоровья костей, но и повышают качество жизни пациентов. Отказ от курения и снижение употребления алкоголя — важнейшие компоненты управления здоровьем, особенно для лиц с риском развития остеопороза и переломов. Пациенты должны получать достаточное количество питательных веществ для поддержания нормального уровня ионизированного кальция. Данный обзор свидетельствует о положительном влиянии физических упражнений, применения кальция и витамина D, отказа от курения и употребления алкоголя на показатели двигательной активности пациентов. На основании имеющихся на сегодняшний день данных было доказано, что правильное выполнение физических упражнений, назначенных специалистами, с соблюдением мер безопасности не влечёт за собой негативных последствий для пациентов с онкопатологией и костными метастазами, остеопорозом/остеопенией или подверженных риску потери костной массы.

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