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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Медико-социальная экспертиза и реабилитация</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9537</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">658251</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/MSER658251</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Pre-illness in geriatrics: rehabilitation issues</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Предболезнь в гериатрии: вопросы реабилитации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7546-6679</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9933-5015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochetkova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочеткова</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>iri4217@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1090-4850</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5286-6967</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilnitski</surname><given-names>Andrey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильницкий</surname><given-names>Андрей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>a-ilnitski@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5469-5731</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4981-9035</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapov</surname><given-names>Vladimir N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапов</surname><given-names>Владимир Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>profpotapov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6094-9221</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4832-7687</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lenkin</surname><given-names>Sergej G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ленкин</surname><given-names>Сергей Геннадьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>gippocratus@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2830-0334</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8661-1110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>Aleksej S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарев</surname><given-names>Алексей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>alekseosokin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Академия постдипломного образования Федерального научно-клинического центра</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical center “Paid KVD”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Платный КВД</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ural State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-04-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>199</fpage><lpage>208</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-20"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-07-28"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjmseer.com/1560-9537/article/view/658251">https://rjmseer.com/1560-9537/article/view/658251</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>ВACKGROUND<italic>:</italic></bold><bold><italic> </italic></bold>Changes in the body, such as sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, are common in people with chronic heart failure, which complicates the course of the disease and worsens the prognosis.</p> <p><bold>АIM<italic>:</italic></bold><bold><italic> </italic></bold>Evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed rehabilitation method, which includes a hypocaloric but protein-rich diet, individually selected physical activity and breathing exercises for patients with pre-disease-pre-stage CHF.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS<italic>:</italic></bold><bold><italic> </italic></bold>The study involved 80 patients over 50 years of age, treated in the endocrinology department of the State Healthcare Institution of the Voronezh Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1, the observation lasted 6 months. The SARC-F questionnaire was used for the primary diagnosis of sarcopenia. The Katz index, clinical frailty scale (CFS), grip strength (HGS), SPPB test battery and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) were also assessed. Patients were divided into 4 groups: the main group (with and without sarcopenic obesity) and the control group (with and without sarcopenic obesity).</p> <p><bold>RESULTS<italic>:</italic></bold> In the first group of patients, after rehabilitation, there was a significant decrease in weight (from 89.7 kg to 82.9 kg; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001) and BMI (33.3 kg/m² to 31.1 kg/m²; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001), accompanied by an increase in absolute (from 15.3 kg to 16.7 kg; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001) and relative muscle mass (from 17% to 21.5%; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001), as well as an improvement in the BMI/BMI ratio (from 0.461 to 0.572; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001). Improvement in quality of life was noted. In the second group, a decrease in weight (from 79.9 kg to 75.0 kg; <italic>p</italic>=0.001) and BMI (from 27.4 kg/m² to 26.3 kg/m²; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001) was also recorded.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION<italic>:</italic></bold><bold><italic> </italic></bold>The rehabilitation program proved to be successful both for patients with and without sarcopenic obesity, in terms of improving the muscular component of body composition and quality of life, and preventing the development of the nosology of chronic heart failure.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold><bold> </bold>Изменения в организме, такие как саркопения и саркопеническое ожирение, широко распространены у лиц с хронической сердечной недостаточностью, что усложняет течение заболевания и ухудшает прогноз.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold><bold> </bold>Оценка эффективности предложенного метода реабилитации, который включает гипокалорийную, но богатую белком диету, индивидуально подобранные физические нагрузки и дыхательные упражнения, для пациентов с предболезнью (предстадия хронической сердечной недостаточности).</p> <p><bold>Материалы</bold><bold> </bold><bold>и</bold><bold> </bold><bold>методы.</bold><bold> </bold>В исследовании участвовали 80 пациенток старше 50 лет, проходивших лечение в эндокринологическом отделении БУЗ ВО «Воронежская областная клиническая больница № 1», наблюдение длилось 6 месяцев. Для первичной диагностики саркопении использовался опросник SARC-F. Также проводилась оценка индекса Катца, шкалы клинической слабости (CFS), силы захвата (HGS), батареи тестов SPPB и расстояния, пройденного за 6 минут (6MWD). Пациенты были разделены на 4 группы: основную (с саркопеническим ожирением и без него) и контрольную (с саркопеническим ожирением и без него).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold><bold> </bold>В первой группе пациентов после реабилитации наблюдалось значительное снижение веса (с 89,7 до 82,9 кг; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001) и индекса массы тела (ИМТ) (с 33,3 до 31,1 кг/м²; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001), сопровождающееся увеличением абсолютной (с 15,3 до 16,7 кг; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001) и относительной мышечной массы (с 17 до 21,5%; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001), а также улучшением соотношения индекса мышечной массы/индекса массы тела (с 0,461 до 0,572; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001). Отмечено улучшение качества жизни. Во второй группе также зафиксировано снижение веса (с 79,9 до 75,0 кг; <italic>p</italic>=0,001) и ИМТ (с 27,4 до 26,3 кг/м²; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold><bold> </bold>Реабилитационная программа оказалась успешной для пациентов как с саркопеническим ожирением, так и без него в отношении улучшения мышечного компонента состава тела и качества жизни и профилактики развития хронической сердечной недостаточности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiac rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>sarcopenia</kwd><kwd>elderly</kwd><kwd>pre-illness</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кардиореабилитация</kwd><kwd>саркопения</kwd><kwd>пожилые люди</kwd><kwd>предболезнь</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Rogova LN, editor. Selected issues of clinical pathophysiology. Volgograd: Volgograd State Medical University; 2020. 80 p. (in Russ.) 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