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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Медико-социальная экспертиза и реабилитация</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9537</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">679226</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/MSER679226</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Critical points of viability in elderly patients with visual deficits</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Критические точки жизнеспособности у пожилых пациентов со зрительным дефицитом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6638-6028</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Neudakhin</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неудахин</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mntk@mntk-tambov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Complex</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Межотраслевой научно-технический комплекс «Микрохирургия глаза» им. академика С.Н. Фёдорова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-05-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Медико-социальная экспертиза и реабилитация</issue-title><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-06"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-05-23"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-09-28"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjmseer.com/1560-9537/article/view/679226">https://rjmseer.com/1560-9537/article/view/679226</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:<italic> </italic></bold>With an increase in the average life expectancy of the population, the number of elderly people is increasing, and issues related to their health and vitality are becoming more relevant. Critical points of viability in the elderly are the moments when their body becomes the most vulnerable and requires special attention and care.</p> <p><bold>AIM:<italic> </italic></bold>The study of critical points of viability in elderly patients with visual impairment and the identification of the relationship between various mental or psychiatric diseases.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:<italic> </italic></bold>A correlation analysis of key variables was carried out and the relationship between different variables was revealed. We conducted several tests to identify cognitive impairment, depression and learned about the quality of people’s sleep.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:<italic> </italic></bold>As a result of the study, 2,646 elderly people underwent 40.5% of men and 59.5% of women, whose average age was 69.69±6.22 years. More than half of the respondents had no physical activity and had a normal sleep quality. According to the study, psychological stability was positively associated with quality of life and negatively associated with depression and sleep quality (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.01). Depression, cognitive impairment, and sleep quality were positively associated with quality of life. Sleep quality showed a negative association with quality of life, depression (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.01) and cognitive impairment, and a positive association with depression (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.01).</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS:<italic> </italic></bold>Critical points of viability in the elderly are an important problem that requires special attention and care. Support from relatives, friends and specialists plays a special role, which can help prevent crisis situations and ensure that older people age with dignity. Preventive measures, proper nutrition, physical activity and regular medical examinations also play an important role in maintaining the vitality and quality of life of the elderly.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>С увеличением средней продолжительности жизни населения возрастает число пожилых людей, и вопросы, связанные с их здоровьем и жизнеспособностью, становятся всё более актуальными. Критические точки жизнеспособности у пожилых — это моменты, когда их организм становится наиболее уязвимым и требует особого внимания и ухода. Существует ряд критических точек, которые могут стать опасными для жизни пожилых людей. Такими точками являются когнитивные нарушения, депрессия, качество сна, психологическая устойчивость и ухудшение состояния здоровья.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Изучение критических точек жизнеспособности у пожилых пациентов со зрительным дефицитом и выявление взаимосвязи различных психических или психиатрических заболеваний.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Проведён корреляционный анализ ключевых переменных, и выявлена зависимость между различными переменными. Выполнено несколько тестов для выявления когнитивных нарушений, депрессии и определения качества сна у участников исследования.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Из 2646 пожилых людей, участвовавших в исследовании, 40,5% составляли мужчины и 59,5% — женщины, их средний возраст составил 69,69±6,22 года. Более половины опрошенных не имели физических нагрузок и отмечали нормальное качество сна. Согласно исследованию, психологическая устойчивость была положительно связана с качеством жизни и отрицательно — с депрессией и качеством сна (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,01). Депрессия, когнитивные нарушения и качество сна были положительно связаны с качеством жизни. Качество сна показало отрицательную связь с качеством жизни, депрессией (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,01) и когнитивными нарушениями и положительную — с депрессией (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,01).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Критические точки жизнеспособности у пожилых людей представляют важную проблему, требующую особого внимания и заботы. Особую роль играет поддержка со стороны родственников, друзей и специалистов, которая может помочь предотвратить кризисные ситуации и обеспечить пожилым людям достойное старение. Профилактические меры, правильное питание, физическая активность и регулярные медицинские осмотры также играют важную роль в поддержании жизнеспособности и качества жизни пожилых людей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>critical points</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>sleep quality</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>критические точки</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>качество сна</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Hayashi T, Wada N, Kubota T, et al. Associations of sleep quality with the skeletal muscle strength in patients with type 2 diabetes with poor glycemic control. J Diabetes Investig. 2023;14(6):801–810. doi: 10.1111/jdi.14007</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Abdoli N, Salari N, Darvishi N, et al. 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