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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Медико-социальная экспертиза и реабилитация</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9537</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">696141</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/MSER696141</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DJNGLF</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of artificial intelligence in post-stroke rehabilitation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль искусственного интеллекта в реабилитации пациентов после инсульта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5213-3689</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grinenko</surname><given-names>Tatyana B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гриненко</surname><given-names>Татьяна Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gr1nencko.tat@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3851-6766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasovskaya</surname><given-names>Zhanna D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красовская</surname><given-names>Жанна Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>jankinkra@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5320-3168</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Salimgarieva</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салимгариева</surname><given-names>Анна Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>desenko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3830-8312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippov</surname><given-names>Artem A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппов</surname><given-names>Артём Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>artem14090@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9480-668X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khakimov</surname><given-names>Riyaz R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хакимов</surname><given-names>Рияз Рамисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>piranya200@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5829-5054</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8047-1348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutfarakhmanov</surname><given-names>Ildar I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лутфарахманов</surname><given-names>Ильдар Ильдусович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>lutfarahmanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5876-9603</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kagarmanova</surname><given-names>Alfiza I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кагарманова</surname><given-names>Альфиза Ильмировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>a.sun06072@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5126-6024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Faizullina</surname><given-names>Aigul R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Файзуллина</surname><given-names>Айгуль Рафисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>cwosl@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7807-8203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Atlasova</surname><given-names>Azaliya E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Атласова</surname><given-names>Азалия Эмилевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>atlazalia1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melokyan</surname><given-names>Liana S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелокян</surname><given-names>Лиана Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>melokyanliana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2377-9453</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurnosykh</surname><given-names>Ruslan A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курносых</surname><given-names>Руслан Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>bchemadicted@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7048-0937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimova</surname><given-names>Ksenia O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримова</surname><given-names>Ксения Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kstepanov1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8960-7897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Uryaeva</surname><given-names>Elvira P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уряева</surname><given-names>Эльвира Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>uryeva@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Izhevsk State Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ижевская государственная медицинская академия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-02-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>217</fpage><lpage>230</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-11-13"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-12-24"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-03-11"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjmseer.com/1560-9537/article/view/696141">https://rjmseer.com/1560-9537/article/view/696141</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Stroke remains one of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide. It results from impaired cerebral blood supply and leads to pronounced neurological deficits that negatively affect patients’ quality of life. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, including machine learning, convolutional neural networks, and brain–computer interfaces, enable reproduction of mechanisms underlying natural neural recovery. AI-based rehabilitation systems are capable of analyzing individual patient characteristics and adapting therapeutic strategies in real time, which is analogous to the processes of biological neuroplasticity in the brain. The scientific data search was conducted using international and Russian electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLibrary.ru. Search queries were formulated using keywords and phrases reflecting the key aspects of post-stroke rehabilitation with AI technologies: <italic>искусственный интеллект</italic> (artificial intelligence), <italic>реабилитация после инсульта</italic> (post stroke rehabilitation), <italic>инсульт</italic> (stroke), <italic>машинное обучение</italic> (machine learning), <italic>нейрореабилитация</italic> (neurorehabilitation), <italic>artificial intelligence</italic>, <italic>stroke rehabilitation</italic>, <italic>stroke</italic>, <italic>machine learning</italic>, <italic>neurorehabilitation</italic>, and <italic>telemedicine</italic>. The integration of advanced neuroimaging techniques enhanced by AI algorithms has contributed to the modernization of diagnostic approaches, particularly through the application of deep learning methods for the analysis of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging data, as well as for the automated identification of the ischemic penumbra. Prognostic modeling based on machine learning algorithms enables the prediction of functional recovery outcomes, the risk of complications, and the degree of disability. The implementation of AI in post-stroke care raises a number of ethical, legal, and regulatory challenges that must be addressed to ensure its effective use. AI is a tool capable of exerting a positive impact on the rehabilitation of patients after stroke, and its integration into the treatment process offers broad prospects; however, it is associated with a number of challenges that must be addressed to fully realize its potential. Despite such issues as data heterogeneity and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, advances in artificial intelligence technologies may contribute to improved outcomes of post-stroke rehabilitation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Инсульт является одной из ведущих причин инвалидизации пациентов и смертности во всём мире, возникая вследствие нарушения кровоснабжения головного мозга и приводя к развитию выраженных неврологических нарушений, оказывающих негативное влияние на качество жизни пациентов. Технологии искусственного интеллекта (ИИ), включающие машинное обучение, свёрточные нейронные сети и интерфейсы «мозг — компьютер», позволяют воспроизводить механизмы естественного восстановления нейронных связей. Реабилитационные системы, основанные на ИИ, способны анализировать индивидуальные особенности пациента и в реальном времени адаптировать терапевтические стратегии, что аналогично процессу биологической нейропластичности мозга. Поиск источников проводился в международных и национальных электронных базах данных PubMed, Google Scholar и eLibrary.ru. Для формирования поисковых запросов использовались ключевые слова и словосочетания, отражающие основные аспекты реабилитации после инсульта с использованием технологий ИИ: «искусственный интеллект», «реабилитация после инсульта», «инсульт», «машинное обучение», «нейрореабилитация», «artificial intelligence», «stroke rehabilitation», «stroke», «neurorehabilitation», «telemedicine». Интеграция высокотехнологичных методов нейровизуализации, усиленных алгоритмами ИИ, способствовала модернизации диагностики, что особенно выражено в контексте применения технологий глубокого обучения при анализе данных компьютерной и магнитно-резонансной томографии, а также для автоматизированной идентификации ишемической полутени. Прогностическое моделирование, основанное на алгоритмах машинного обучения, позволяет предсказать такие параметры, как объём функционального восстановления, риск развития осложнений и уровень и степень инвалидизации. Интеграция ИИ в лечение пациентов после инсульта влечёт за собой ряд этических, правовых и нормативных вопросов, которые должны быть решены для обеспечения его эффективного применения. ИИ является инструментом, способным оказать положительное влияние на реабилитацию пациентов после инсульта, а его интеграция в процесс лечения имеет широкие перспективы, однако сталкивается с рядом трудностей, которые необходимо решить для полной реализации его потенциала. Несмотря на такие проблемы, как неоднородность данных и необходимость междисциплинарного сотрудничества, достижения в области технологий ИИ могут способствовать улучшению результатов реабилитации после инсульта.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>post-stroke rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>virtual reality</kwd><kwd>augmented reality</kwd><kwd>neurorehabilitation</kwd><kwd>robotics</kwd><kwd>telemedicine</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>реабилитация после инсульта</kwd><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>виртуальная реальность</kwd><kwd>дополненная реальность</kwd><kwd>нейрореабилитация</kwd><kwd>робототехника</kwd><kwd>телемедицина</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Islamgulov AK, Zinnatullin RR, Kabataeva AA, et al. 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