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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Медико-социальная экспертиза и реабилитация</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9537</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">696141</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/MSER696141</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DJNGLF</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of artificial intelligence in the rehabilitation of patients after stroke: A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль искусственного интеллекта в реабилитации пациентов после инсульта: обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5213-3689</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grinenko</surname><given-names>Tatyana B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гриненко</surname><given-names>Татьяна Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ординатор</p></bio><email>gr1nencko.tat@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3851-6766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasovskaya</surname><given-names>Zhanna D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красовская</surname><given-names>Жанна Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент</p></bio><email>jankinkra@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5320-3168</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Salimgarieva</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салимгариева</surname><given-names>Анна Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент</p></bio><email>desenko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3830-8312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippov</surname><given-names>Artem A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппов</surname><given-names>Артём Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ординатор</p></bio><email>artem14090@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9480-668X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khakimov</surname><given-names>Riyaz R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хакимов</surname><given-names>Рияз Рамисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ординатор</p></bio><email>piranya200@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5829-5054</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8047-1348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutfarakhmanov</surname><given-names>Ildar I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лутфарахманов</surname><given-names>Ильдар Ильдусович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Профессор, д.м.н.</p></bio><email>lutfarahmanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5876-9603</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kagarmanova</surname><given-names>Alfiza I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кагарманова</surname><given-names>Альфиза Ильмировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resedent</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ординатор</p></bio><email>a.sun06072@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5126-6024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Faizullina</surname><given-names>Aigul R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Файзуллина</surname><given-names>Айгуль Рафисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент</p></bio><email>cwosl@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7807-8203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Atlasova</surname><given-names>Azaliya E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Атласова</surname><given-names>Азалия Эмилевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ординатор</p></bio><email>atlazalia1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0088-3139</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melokyan</surname><given-names>Liana S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелокян</surname><given-names>Лиана Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ординатор</p></bio><email>melokyanliana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2377-9453</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurnosykh</surname><given-names>Ruslan A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курносых</surname><given-names>Руслан Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Reident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ординатор</p></bio><email>bchemadicted@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7048-0937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimova</surname><given-names>Ksenia O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримова</surname><given-names>Ксения Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент</p></bio><email>kstepanov1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8960-7897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Uryaeva</surname><given-names>Elvira P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уряева</surname><given-names>Эльвира Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент</p></bio><email>uryeva@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова, Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk, Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ижевская государственная медицинская академия, Ижевск, Российская Федерация</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет, Уфа, Российская Федерация</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Саратовский государственный медицинский университет имени В. И. Разумовского, Саратов, Российская Федерация</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Voronezh, Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко, Воронеж, Российская Федерация</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет, Казань, Российская Федерация</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-02-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-11-13"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-12-24"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; , Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; , Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-12-26"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjmseer.com/1560-9537/article/view/696141">https://rjmseer.com/1560-9537/article/view/696141</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, resulting from disruption of blood flow to the brain and leading to the development of significant neurological impairments that negatively impact patients' quality of life. AI technologies, including machine learning, convolutional neural networks, and brain-computer interfaces, make it possible to replicate the mechanisms of natural neural regeneration. AI-based rehabilitation systems can analyze individual patient characteristics and adapt therapeutic strategies in real time, analogous to the process of biological neuroplasticity in the brain. A search was conducted in the international and national electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLibrary.ru. To formulate search queries, keywords and phrases reflecting key aspects of post-stroke rehabilitation using AI technologies were used: "artificial intelligence," "post-stroke rehabilitation," "stroke," "machine learning," "neurorehabilitation," "artificial intelligence," "stroke rehabilitation," "stroke," "neurorehabilitation," and "telemedicine." The integration of high-tech neuroimaging methods enhanced by AI algorithms has facilitated the modernization of diagnostics, particularly in the context of the use of deep learning technologies in the analysis of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging data, as well as for the automated identification of ischemic penumbras. Predictive modeling based on machine learning algorithms allows for the prediction of parameters such as the extent of functional recovery, the risk of complications, and the degree of disability. The integration of AI into the treatment of post-stroke patients raises a number of ethical, legal, and regulatory issues that must be addressed to ensure its effective use. AI is a tool with the potential to positively impact stroke rehabilitation, and its integration into the treatment process holds great promise. However, it faces a number of challenges that must be addressed to fully realize its potential. Despite challenges such as data heterogeneity and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, advances in AI technology can contribute to improved stroke rehabilitation outcomes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Инсульт является одной из ведущих причин инвалидизации пациентов и смертности во всём мире, возникая вследствие нарушения кровоснабжения головного мозга и приводя к развитию выраженных неврологических нарушений, оказывающих негативное влияние на качество жизни пациентов. Технологии искусственного интеллекта (ИИ), включающие машинное обучение, свёрточные нейронные сети и интерфейсы «мозг — компьютер», позволяют воспроизводить механизмы естественного восстановления нейронных связей. Реабилитационные системы, основанные на ИИ, способны анализировать индивидуальные особенности пациента и в реальном времени адаптировать терапевтические стратегии, что аналогично процессу биологической нейропластичности мозга. Поиск источников проводился в международных и национальных электронных базах данных PubMed, Google Scholar и eLibrary.ru. Для формирования поисковых запросов использовались ключевые слова и словосочетания, отражающие основные аспекты реабилитации после инсульта с использованием технологий ИИ: «искусственный интеллект», «реабилитация после инсульта», «инсульт», «машинное обучение», «нейрореабилитация», «artificial intelligence», «stroke rehabilitation», «stroke», «neurorehabilitation», «telemedicine». Интеграция высокотехнологичных методов нейровизуализации, усиленных алгоритмами ИИ, способствовало модернизации диагностики, что особенно выражено в контексте применения технологий глубокого обучения при анализе данных компьютерной и магнитно-резонансной томографии, а также для автоматизированной идентификации ишемической полутени. Прогностическое моделирование, основанное на алгоритмах машинного обучения, позволяет предсказать такие параметры, как объём функционального восстановления, риск развития осложнений и уровень степень инвалидизации. Интеграция ИИ в лечение пациентов после инсульта влечёт за собой ряд этических, правовых и нормативных вопросов, которые должны быть решены для обеспечения его эффективного применения. ИИ является инструментом, способным оказать положительное влияние на реабилитацию пациентов после инсульта, а его интеграция в процесс лечения имеет широкие перспективы, однако сталкивается с рядом трудностей, которые необходимо решить для полной реализации его потенциала. Несмотря на такие проблемы, как неоднородность данных и необходимость междисциплинарного сотрудничества, достижения в области технологий ИИ могут способствовать улучшению результатов реабилитации после инсульта.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>stroke rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>virtual reality</kwd><kwd>augmented reality</kwd><kwd>neurorehabilitation</kwd><kwd>robotics</kwd><kwd>telemedicine.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>реабилитация после инсульта</kwd><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>виртуальная реальность</kwd><kwd>дополненная реальность</kwd><kwd>нейрореабилитация</kwd><kwd>робототехника</kwd><kwd>телемедицина.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Islamgulov AK, Zinnatullin RR, Kabataeva AA, et al. 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