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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Медико-социальная экспертиза и реабилитация</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9537</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-2092</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">701000</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/MSER701000</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ZINQGN</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">A clinical study of the association of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea in elderly patients</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническое исследование ассоциации метаболического синдрома и обструктивного апноэ сна у пациентов пожилого возраста</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8771-2558</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6512-3585</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gosteva</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гостева</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>yanavrn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8545-6255</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9933-5015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochetkova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочеткова</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>iri4217@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0491-0127</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Brezhneva</surname><given-names>Natalia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брежнева</surname><given-names>Наталия Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Natalia.brezhneva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5156-4089</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuptsov</surname><given-names>Mikhail А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Купцов</surname><given-names>Михаил Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kuptsov-mikhail@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko, Voronezh</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko, Voronezh</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко, Воронеж</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh City Clinical Polyclinic No. 2, Voronezh</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежская городская клиническая поликлиника № 2, Воронеж</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care No. 1, Voronezh</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежская городская клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи № 1, Воронеж</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-04-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-14"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; , Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; , Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-04-16"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjmseer.com/1560-9537/article/view/701000">https://rjmseer.com/1560-9537/article/view/701000</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>В</italic></bold><bold><italic>ACKGROUND: </italic></bold>The relevance of the topic is due to the high comorbidity of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea in the elderly, which increases the risk of cardiovascular complications and leads to the formation of a “vicious circle”.</p> <p><bold><italic>А</italic></bold><bold><italic>IMS:</italic></bold> The aim of the study was to study the relationship between the components of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea of moderate severity in elderly patients.</p> <p><bold><italic>METHODS: </italic></bold>The study included 132 elderly patients (67.1±2.9 years). Depending on the presence of abdominal obesity (AO) and OSA, the following groups were formed: group 1 — AO-/OSA- (32 people), group 2 — AO-/OSA+ (30 people), group 3 — AO+/OSA- (34 people), group 4 — AO+/OSA+ (36 people).</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic></bold> The most pronounced deterioration of the metabolic profile was found in elderly patients with AO and OSA comorbidity – an increase in insulin resistance (according to HOMA–IR), a deterioration in the integral metabolic status (marked increase in TyG), and an increased atherogenic dyslipidemic profile (increased TG/HDL-C). The highest blood pressure values and the maximum prevalence of circadian rhythm disorders were found in AO+/OSA+ patients, which indicates a more severe course of hypertension in patients of this group compared with others. Correlation analysis confirmed the high diagnostic effectiveness of the TyG index as a marker of metabolic disorders in elderly patients (<italic>p</italic>=0.847, <italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001).</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION: </italic></bold>The presented data allow us to conclude that patients with abdominal obesity and obstructive sleep apnea of moderate severity had the highest risk of metabolic disorders and severe hypertension. The TyG index has a high confirmatory ability to diagnose metabolic disorders in elderly patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Актуальность темы обусловлена высокой коморбидностью метаболического синдрома и обструктивного апноэ сна (ОАС) у пожилых, что повышает риск сердечно-сосудистых осложнений и приводит к формированию порочного круга.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Изучение взаимосвязи между компонентами метаболического синдрома и обструктивным апноэ сна средней степени тяжести у пациентов пожилого возраста.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> В исследование были включены 132 пациента пожилого возраста (67,1±2,9 года). В зависимости от наличия абдоминального ожирения (AO) и ОАС сформированы группа 1 — АО-/ОАС- (32 чел.), группа 2 — АО-/ОАС+ (30 чел.), группа 3 – АО+/ОАС- (34 чел.), группа 4 — АО+/ОАС+ (36 чел.).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Наиболее выраженное ухудшение метаболического профиля установлено у пациентов пожилого возраста при коморбидности AO и OAC: нарастание инсулинорезистентности (по HOMA-IR), ухудшение интегрального метаболического статуса (выраженное увеличение TyG), усиление атерогенного дислипидемического профиля (повышение триглицеридов / холестерина липопротеинов низкой плотности). Наибольшие значения артериального давления и максимальная распространённость нарушений суточного ритма выявлены у пациентов AO+/OAC+, что указывает на более тяжёлое течение АГ у лиц данной группы по сравнению с остальными. Корреляционный анализ подтвердил высокую диагностическую эффективность индекса TyG как маркёра метаболических нарушений у пациентов пожилого возраста (ρ=0,847, <italic>р</italic> &lt;0,001).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Представленные данные позволяют сделать вывод, что самый высокий риск метаболических нарушений и тяжёлое течение артериальной гипертензии имели пациенты при коморбидности абдоминального ожирения и обструктивного апноэ сна средней степени тяжести. Индекс TyG обладает высокой подтверждающей способностью для диагностики метаболических нарушений у пациентов пожилого возраста.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obstructive sleep apnea</kwd><kwd>advanced age</kwd><kwd>metabolic disorders.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обструктивное апноэ сна</kwd><kwd>пожилой возраст</kwd><kwd>метаболические нарушения.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Buzunov RV, Palman AD, Melnikov AYu, et al. Diagnostics and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in adults. Recommendations of the russian society of sleep medicine. Effective pharmacotherapy. 2018;(35):34–45. EDN: YNMYUP</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Surikova NA, Glukhova AS. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: literature review. 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