Optimized panel parameters for individual housing construction

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Abstract

Experience of low-rise residential houses design and construction built from factory-made reinforced concrete panel items is considered. It is noted that in this type of housing construction house-building plant and large-panel housing construction plants products is widely used. However, in most cases, products for multi-storey construction panel buildings are used directly for low-rise cottages. This approach is ineffective for many reasons, but mainly due to size and weight of the used products. The variant design made it possible to set optimized parameters for the length, height and weight of the exterior and interior walls load-bearing panels. Use of the double-layer exterior wall panels is the main technique that reduces buildings weight and allows variability of low-rise buildings facade finishes. The third layer exclusion makes it possible to reduce the exterior panels weight by 20–30%, increase the products length to 8.5 m, and reduce number of mounting elements in one- and two-story buildings by 25–50%, depending on the number of floors and buildings under construction spatial planning solutions. The above optimized product parameters for the low-rise panel buildings were tested during construction of 6 two-storey buildings with the area of 147 and 180 m2 in the Moscow region in 2022–2024. Based on these houses building experience effectiveness of their construction is shown. Usage of double–layer exterior wall panels with optimized parameters of other house kit products allows reducing the cost of one cottage house by 0.8–1 million rubles.

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About the authors

S. V. Nikolaev

AO «TSNIIEP zhilishcha» – institute for complex design of residential and public buildings» (AO «TSNIIEP zhilishcha»)

Author for correspondence.
Email: slutz1937@gmail.com

Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Honored Builder of the Russian Federation, Director of Science

Russian Federation, 9/3, Dmitrovskoe Highway, Moscow, 127434

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2. Fig. 1. The outer panel support unit on the grillage: a – the living room and kitchen plan; b – the panel support unit on the grillage; c – the 3.6 m span double-layer exterior panel with reinforced lower belt; d – view from the living room; e – view from the outside

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3. Fig. 2. Plans and facades of 120 m2 cottages: 1 – one-storey; 2 – two-storey

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4. Fig. 3. The double-layer exterior wall panels: a – cross section; b – layers: bearing 140 mm, insulation with embedded parts 100–150 mm, facade with a plaster layer of 20 mm, 20 mm facade plank (Planken) or 70 mm thermal panels; c – the facade finishing options; d – the exterior panels appearance before façade finishing; e – finishing with thermal panels on overhead details; f – plaster and plank (Planken) finishing

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5. Fig. 4. Installation of a 7420 mm length and 6025 kg weight panel

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6. Fig. 5. Panel houses construction in the Moscow region (KP "Favorit", Kiev highway)

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