Batch-injection amperometric determination of sulfamethazine, sulfacetamide and sulfathiazole on an electrode modified with a composite based on gold particles, carbon nanotubes and ionic liquid

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Abstract

Electrodes modified with gold particles, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, an ionic liquid based on 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, as well as a composite based on them for the voltammetric determination of sulfamethazine, sulfacetamide and sulfathiazole have been developed. It has been established by cyclic voltammetry that modification of the surface of a glass-carbon electrode with gold particles, a composite based on carbon nanotubes and an ionic liquid leads to an increase in its effective area. The electrochemical impedance data indicate an increase in the electron transfer rate on the modified electrodes compared to the unmodified one. A composite electrode with gold particles, carbon nanotubes and an ionic liquid with the best characteristics was used for the amperometric determination of sulfonamides under batch injection conditions. The optimal parameters for the determination of sulfonamides in the batch injection system have been established. The dependence of the analytical signal on the concentration of the compounds in question in logarithmic coordinates is linear in the range from 1 × 10–8 to 5 × 10– 3 M for sulfamethazine and sulfacetamide and from 1 × 10–7 to 5 × 10–3 M for sulfathiazole. The proposed method for the determination of sulfonamides has been tested in the analysis of medicines.

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About the authors

L. G. Shaydarova

Kazan Federal University

Author for correspondence.
Email: LarisaShaidarova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Kazan, 420008

I. A. Chelnokova

Kazan Federal University

Email: LarisaShaidarova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Kazan, 420008

М. А. Ilyina

Kazan Federal University

Email: LarisaShaidarova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Kazan, 420008

I. А. Gafiatova

Kazan Federal University

Email: LarisaShaidarova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Kazan, 420008

G. K. Budnikov

Kazan Federal University

Email: LarisaShaidarova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Kazan, 420008

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2. Scheme 1. Electrooxidation of sulphonamides.

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3. Fig. 1. Cyclic voltammetry voltammetry on the Au -SUE electrode in the absence of sulfamethazine (1) and on the Au -SUE (2), MWCNT-IJ-SUE (3), and Au -MWCNT-IJ-SUE (4) electrodes in the presence of 5 × 10-3 M sulfamethazine against a background of 0.05 M H2SO4 (a). Current dependence at E 1.10 V on the concentration of sulfamethazine (b) and the rate of potential superposition (c) during its oxidation at the Au-SU electrode.

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4. Fig. 2. Nyquist diagrams for SUE (1), Au-SUE (2) and MWCNT-IJ-Au-SUE (3) in the presence of 0.01 M K4[Fe(CN)6]/K3Fe(CN)6 solution against a background of 0.05 M H2SO4 in the frequency range from 0.04 Hz to 100 kHz with an amplitude of 5 mV at a potential of 0.31 V.

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5. Fig. 3. Dependence of the oxidation current of sulfamethazine (c = 5 × 10-3 M) at the MWCNT-IJ-Au-SUE electrode on the applied potential (a), sample volume (b), and injection rate (c) under batch-injection conditions against 0.05 M H2SO4.

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6. Fig. 4. Oxidation current dependence of sulfamethazine (c = 5 × 10-3 M) at the MUNT-IJ-Au-SUE electrode on the analyte concentration against 0.05 M H2SO4 background

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