Role and Place of Industry Science in the System of Scientific Activities

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The article reviews the history of the formation and functioning of Russian industry science (“otraslevaya nauka”) and analyzes its place among other segments of science (fundamental, university, and factory science) at different historical stages of its development: the preconditions for the emergence of industry science in the Russian Empire, its separation into an independent segment of science and its transformation associated with economic changes during the Soviet period, the reforms in industry science during perestroika (second half of the 1980s), and its post-Soviet transformation. A definition is given for industry science, taking into account its departmental subordination and specifics of its research activities. Industry science focuses on tackling applied problems with a view to adapt and implement in production the achievements of fundamental science in accordance with the conditions and specifics of operation of an industry or enterprise. It is noted that successful tackling of problems by industry science depends on all segments of science. The current situation of scientific research institutes is analyzed and their role in shaping the industry science potential is clarified. The article also attempts to discuss modern industry science as a special socio-cultural phenomenon and analyze the causes of its complex crisis.

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Natalia Valek

Russian Research Institute for Integrated Use and Protection of Water Resources

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Email: natfil22@mail.ru
俄罗斯联邦, 23, Mir St., Ekaterinburg, 620078

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