Astrocyte marker GFAP in gliocytes of the peripheral nervous system

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The study of peripheral nervous system glial cells is an actual problem of modern neurobiology. The purpose of this work was to summarize our own and published data on the distribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in peripheral nervous system (PNS) glial cells. The features of GFAP expression in glial cells of the enteric nervous system, dorsal root ganglion and peripheral nerve were examined. A comparative study of different populations of PNS gliocytes led to the conclusion that the intermediate filament protein GFAP is distributed differently in them. Analysis of the literature showed that despite the fact that this protein is widely used as a molecular marker of glial activation, there is still no understanding of the exact mechanisms of GFAP participation in the glial reactive response. The described features of GFAP+gliocytes from different parts of the PNS demonstrate the functional polymorphism of this protein. Its ability to be expressed in peripheral nervous system gliocytes in response to injury requires further research.

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Sobre autores

E. Petrova

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: iempes@yandex.ru
Rússia, St. Petersburg

E. Kolos

Institute of Experimental Medicine

Email: iempes@yandex.ru
Rússia, St. Petersburg

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2. Fig. 1. Astrocyte-like glial cells in the ganglia of the intermuscular plexus. N – neurons; I – interganglionic cord; M – muscles; LC – lymphatic capillary; AG – aganglionic region. Immunohistochemical reaction to GFAP, ×400 (figure from the article by Chumasov et al., 2023 [41]).

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3. Fig. 2. Increase in GFAP-immunopositive satellite cells in DRG during aging. (a) – three-month-old rat; (b) – 18-month-old rat. Immunohistochemical reaction for GFAP, ×400. Own data.

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4. Fig. 3. Schwann cells (repair Schwann cells) in the distal segment of the injured rat nerve 7 days after surgery (ligature, 40 s). (a) – general view of the distal segment of the nerve, longitudinal section, (b) – fragment of endoneurium with Schwann cells, (c) – mitotically dividing (m) Schwann cell. En – endoneurium of the rat sciatic nerve. Immunohistochemical reaction to GFAP. Visualization with TRITC fluorochrome (red), staining of nuclei with DAPI (blue), ×100 (a), ×400 (b), ×600 (c) (figure from the article by Petrova E.S., Kolos E.A. [73]).

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