The Impact of lncRNA-GAS5/miRNA-200/ACE2 Molecular Pathway on the Severity of COVID-19


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Abstract

Background:The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2), which is responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), potentially has severe adverse effects, leading to public health crises worldwide. In COVID-19, deficiency of ACE-2 is linked to increased inflammation and cytokine storms via increased angiotensin II levels and decreased ACE-2/Mas receptor axis activity. MiRNAs are small sequences of noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to the targeted mRNAs. MiR-200 dysfunction has been linked to the development of ARDS following acute lung injury and has been proposed as a key regulator of ACE2 expression. LncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) has been recently studied for its modulatory effect on the miRNA-200/ACE2 axis.

Objective:The current study aims to investigate the role of lncRNA GAS5, miRNA-200, and ACE2 as new COVID-19 diagnostic markers capable of predicting the severity of SARS-CoV-2 complications.

Methods:A total of 280 subjects were classified into three groups: COVID-19-negative controls (n = 80), and COVID-19 patients (n=200) who required hospitalization were classified into two groups: group (2) moderate cases (n = 112) and group (3) severe cases (n = 88).

Results:The results showed that the serum GAS5 expression was significantly down-expressed in COVID-19 patients; as a consequence, the expression of miR-200 was reported to be overexpressed and its targeted ACE2 was down-regulated. The ROC curve was drawn to examine the diagnostic abilities of GAS5, miR-200, and ACE2, yielding high diagnostic accuracy with high sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusion:lncRNA-GAS5, miRNA-200, and ACE2 panels presented great diagnostic potential as they demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy for discriminating moderate COVID-19 and severe COVID-19 cases.

About the authors

Ghada Ayeldeen

Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Olfat Shaker

Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Eman Amer

Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Mai Zaafan

Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Mohamed Herzalla

Internal Medicine Department, Endocrinology & Diabetes Unit,, , Zagazig University

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Mofida Keshk

Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City (USC)

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Amr Abdelhamid

Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net

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