Аннотация
A rare phenomenon – the long-range atmospheric transport of dust from the arid and semiarid territories of the Caspian Sea region through the center of European part of Russia to its Arctic areas – was registered in December 2023 during field study of aerosol composition aerosol in Moscow air and the snow composition in the Arkhangelsk region. The trajectories of air mass transport, dynamics of spatial and temporal variability of mass PM2.5 and PM10 concentration values in the Moscow region, as well as numerical estimates and spatial distributions of near-surface aerosol concentration and atmospheric optical characteristics over the European part of Russia (according to the MERRA-2 reanalysis) confirm an increase in aerosol air pollution due to long-rang air transport from the territories of the Caspian Sea to the Arkhangelsk region. In the snow sample taken in the area of Pinega (Pinezhsky Nature Reserve), Arkhangelsk region in the spring of 2024, in the thickness of the snow cover at an altitude of 18–20 cm (with a total snow thickness of 65 cm), a layer of snow that fell in December 2023 having a yellowish color was found. Preliminary studies of the sample of this snow showed the presence of a large amount of organic suspension and plant residues, which in winter indicates atmospheric aerosol transport from the southern regions of Russia.