Effective rehabilitation of children with perinatal lesions of the central nervous system

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Perinatal lesions of the central nervous system (CNS) prevail among other diseases of the nervous system in children, and are an economic burden on society and public health systems. The challenge in these cases is improving the quality of life of children with perinatal hypoxic pathology, which requires long-term nursing, treatment, and rehabilitation. The level of childhood disability remains consistently high, so improving the assistance to children with disabilities is an important state task.

OBJECTIVE: The analysis of the results of rehabilitation treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study utilized 150 case histories of children with perinatal lesions of the CNS, all of whom underwent commercial rehabilitation. The study of the cards was carried out post rehabilitation, which typically spanned 30 days. The study included 85 (57.0%) boys and 65 (43.0%) girls. Congenital pathologies, perinatal encephalopathy, organic lesions of the CNS, and cerebral palsy were diagnosed in 19 (13.0%), 25 (17.0%), 36 (24.0%), and 69 (46.0%) cases, respectively. The rehabilitation process included hydrokinesitherapy, Vojta therapy, exercise therapy, and massage. The assessment on the effectiveness of rehabilitation was based discharge summaries, considering the results of an objective assessment and data from additional examination methods. At the end of treatment, a survey was conducted on 95 parents of the children to assess their satisfaction level in regards to the quality and effectiveness of the rehabilitation. The survey was conducted anonymously and on a voluntary basis.

RESULTS: Positive dynamics was observed in 115 (77.0%) cases. In 27 (18.0%) cases, there was no dynamics, and in 8 (5.0%) cases, it was negative. The survey results showed that the average satisfaction score from visiting the rehabilitation center was 9.6 (the maximum possible level was 10). The estimates and results obtained differed in families with different social statuses.

CONCLUSION: The study proved the importance and effectiveness of comprehensive rehabilitation for children with perinatal lesions of the CNS. It also emphasized the necessity of considering the medical and social characteristics of families raising such children.

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About the authors

Nataliya G. Petrova

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: petrova-nataliya@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9277-2109
SPIN-code: 1097-2943

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

Viktoria A. Yarovaya

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

Email: tokyopopers@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2403-2299
SPIN-code: 1234-6754

senior assistant

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

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