Physical activity as a regulator of myocardial remodeling: from cellular mechanisms to clinical recommendations



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Abstract

Cardiac rehabilitation is an effective method for restoring and improving cardiovascular function in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Rehabilitation exercises not only enhance physical endurance and improve patients' psycho-emotional state but also play a key role in myocardial remodeling. This article explores the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which physical activity influences cardiac tissue repair, including the regulation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, angiogenesis, fibrosis, and inflammatory processes. The review analyzes current research data confirming the positive impact of exercise on the morphological and functional state of the heart, as well as the prospects for using rehabilitation training as an adjunctive strategy to optimize myocardial remodeling. Particular attention is given to the role of non-coding RNAs, signaling pathways, and intercellular interactions in these processes. The study also identifies gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying exercise-induced improvements in pathological cardiac remodeling, highlighting the need for further research.

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About the authors

Magomed-Emi Kh. Idigov

Rostov state medical university

Email: maga707q@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-9705-2255

student

Russian Federation, 344022, Russian Federation, Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, lane Nakhichevan, 29

Sofia G. Shirkhanyan

Rostov state medical university

Email: goldensofii@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-7991-0515

student

Russian Federation, 344022, Russian Federation, Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, lane Nakhichevan, 29

Airat R. Galimov

Bashkir state medical university

Author for correspondence.
Email: galimovajrat457@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4403-0204
SPIN-code: 8742-4109
Scopus Author ID: 294101

Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Lenina 3, Ufa, 450008

Angelina A. Khechumyan

Rostov state medical university

Email: angelina.koroleva.2016@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-4262-1712

student

Russian Federation, 344022, Russian Federation, Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, lane Nakhichevan, 29

Ambartsum O. Khoshafyan

Rostov state medical university

Email: a-khoshafyan@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-5786-6059

student

Russian Federation, 344022, Russian Federation, Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, lane Nakhichevan, 29

Gasan V. Pashaev

Rostov state medical university

Email: pasaevgasan54@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-3014-3555

student

Russian Federation, 344022, Russian Federation, Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, lane Nakhichevan, 29

Amina A. Mamedkhanova

Rostov state medical university

Email: amina.mamedkhanova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-6786-642X

student

Russian Federation, 344022, Russian Federation, Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, lane Nakhichevan, 29

Mamed S. Mamedov

Rostov state medical university

Email: Mamedov.939@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-6292-4297

студент

Russian Federation, 344022, Russian Federation, Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, lane Nakhichevan, 29

Anar A. Mamedkhanov

Rostov state medical university

Email: amamedkhanov.dok@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-3231-4681

student

Russian Federation, 344022, Russian Federation, Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, lane Nakhichevan, 29

Aisa V. Kankaeva

Rostov state medical university

Email: kankaeva.a@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-6167-0218

student

Russian Federation, 344022, Russian Federation, Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, lane Nakhichevan, 29

Aizan M. Susarova

Rostov state medical university

Email: aizan.mur@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-4924-1532

student

Russian Federation, 344022, Russian Federation, Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, lane Nakhichevan, 29

Dmitriy V. Minaev

Rostov state medical university

Email: dima.minaev.2000@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-0079-3409

student

Russian Federation, 344022, Russian Federation, Rostov region, Rostov-on-Don, lane Nakhichevan, 29

Ilya Yu. Levdik

Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation

Email: levdik15@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-3642-6213

student

Russian Federation, 680000, Khabarovsk Territory, Khabarovsk city, Muravyov-Amursky str., 35

Alena O. Petrova

Samara state medical university

Email: apetroff01@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-5074-3802

student

Russian Federation, 89 Chapaevskaya str., Samara region, 443099

Magomed V. Aliev

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

Email: alievm294@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-1747-6197

student

Russian Federation, 6-8 Lva Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 97022.

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СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
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СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ЭЛ № ФС 77 - 80654 от 15.03.2021 г.